| When
to Refer to a Gastroenterologist [ also see (Table 12) ] |
|
| Suspected
gastric outlet or small bowel obstruction Suspected pancreatitis or cholangitis Unexplained nausea and vomiting Swallowing symptoms (dysphagia, odynophagia) Evidence of GI bleeding (anemic, hematemesis, melena) Recent caustic ingestion Acetaminophen overdose Suspected inflammatory bowel disease Abnormal liver enzymes or jaundice |
|
| When to Refer to Other Specialists | |
|
Obstetrician |
Persistent nausea and vomiting at any time during pregnancy |
| Nausea and vomiting in 3rd trimester of pregnancy | |
| Otolaryngologist |
Refractory Méniére's disease |
| Suspected vestibular neuronitis | |
| Cardiologist | Suspected cardiac ischemia |
| Surgeon | Small bowel obstruction |