Table 9 -- Risk and Surveillance of Cancers associated with HNPCC and Its Variants

Cancer


Associated
risk

Mean age
at diagnosis

Intervention



Recommendations


Colon

68-75%

45

Colonoscopy

Begin at age 20-25 years, repeat Q 1-2 years until age 40 and then yearly *
Uterine
30-40%
40-60
Transvaginal ultrasound and/or endometrial biopsy
Annually, beginning at age 25-35 years #
Stomach
20%
54
Upper endoscopy
If positive family history of stomach cancer, begin at age 30-35 years, repeat Q 1-2 years *#
Hepatobiliary
18%
66
None
None currently
Urinary system
9-19%
56-66
Cytology/ultrasound
If positive family history of urinary tract cancers, begin at age 30-35 years, repeat Q 1-2 years *#
Ovarian
<10%
45
Transvaginal ultrasound and/or CA-125
Annually, beginning at 25-30 years * #
Brain (Turcot Syndrome)
Neurologic exam
Annually, beginning age 10
Sebaceous gland neoplasms (Muir-Torre Syndrome)
40%
Skin exam
Annually

* Insufficient data is available to determine the optimum screening interval, see text above

# Benefit not proven